England's Drought and Wildfire Crisis: Why Firefighters Say They're Running Out of Room
The Fire Brigades Union (FBU) warned on 10 August 2026 that UK firefighters face mounting pressure from what it called an "unprecedented summer of dangerous and volatile wildfires," as parts of the country braced for a fifth heatwave of the year. Nearly three-quarters of England is officially in drought, and emergency services are stretched across multiple incidents happening at the same time.
The National Drought Group, which coordinates the government's drought response, reported on Monday that 71.3% of England is experiencing a "flash drought" — a drought that develops quickly because of low rainfall and unusually high temperatures. Tony Grayling, chair of the group, said conditions were worsening and would not improve until there was significant and sustained rainfall. The scale is considerable: about 45 million people live in a drought-affected area in England, and more than 27 million are under water use restrictions, meaning limits on activities like filling pools or watering gardens.
England recorded its driest July on record in 2026, in a data series going back to 1836, with just 6.5mm of rainfall — roughly 10% of its long-term average. Seven areas of England were officially declared to be in drought in late July after record low rainfall and exceptionally high temperatures. Essex and Suffolk Water announced temporary use bans (a legal restriction on non-essential water use) starting 3 August 2026. A total of 134 incidents caused by drought and dry weather were recorded in England between the start of 2026 and early August. The National Drought Group had warned as early as October 2025 that England must prepare for an ongoing drought in 2026 unless there was significant rain in the autumn.
On the ground, the wildfire toll is climbing. More than 120 firefighters continued to tackle a blaze in the New Forest national park in Hampshire that began on Sunday. Nottinghamshire fire and rescue service declared a major incident on Sunday due to two large fires in woodland near Mansfield. A major incident declaration means local capacity is insufficient to manage simultaneous large-scale incidents without additional support from neighbouring services.
London's figures are particularly stark. Emergency calls to the London fire brigade increased by almost a third this summer amid a surge in wildfires and flooding, according to an internal briefing. Between 1 April and 9 July 2026, the brigade received 75,652 emergency calls — 31% more than the previous five-year average — and incidents rose by nearly a quarter to 42,943. London firefighters responded to 392 wildfires and 68 water rescues during the same period.
FBU general secretary Steve Wright said having enough properly equipped firefighters to face environmental threats was a "national priority." His language reflects a longer-running tension within the service over staffing and resources. At the FBU's 2025 conference, Wright warned employers that if they want firefighters to take on additional duties they must pay them, train them, and implement arrangements nationally. He also said the future of the fire service must be built on growth, resilience, and investment, not a "dangerous race to the bottom." Buckinghamshire firefighters separately called for investment in the fire service instead of dangerous cuts.
A spokesperson for the prime minister said the dry conditions were having a "significant impact" on communities, farmers, and businesses, and that the government was focused on both immediate response and long-term resilience. The framing — pairing crisis management with structural preparation — mirrors the language the National Drought Group used last October, when it cautioned that only significant autumn rainfall would avert a prolonged drought. That warning went unheeded by the weather, and the consequences are now playing out across England's fire grounds and water systems.
The broader context here is one of compounding risk. A flash drought, repeated heatwaves, and a fire service operating under long-standing resource constraints are all hitting at once. The FBU's framing of environmental response capacity as a "national priority" places the union's assessment of the firefighting workforce in direct conversation with the government's stated dual focus on immediate response and long-term resilience. Whether current staffing and equipment levels can sustain the pace demanded by simultaneous multi-site wildfires, major incident declarations, and a 31% surge in London call volumes is the question that will define the remainder of the summer. Grayling's assessment that conditions will persist until "significant and sustained rainfall" occurs leaves no near-term exit from the pressure, and the autumn — the earliest realistic window for meaningful hydrological recovery — remains weeks away.
